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Will Gallison joins me on episode 38.
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Will first picked up the chromatic harmonica when studying at the Berklee College of Music.
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He quickly realised he had an affinity with the instrument and after spending a day with Toots Teelmans, he knew the chromatic harmonica was what he wanted to do.
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Will went on to record numerous albums under his own name, including a successful collaboration with Madeline Perrault.
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He has been an in-demand session player for many years, with credits performing with the likes of Barbra Streisand, Carly Simon and Donald Fagan.
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On top of all this, he has recorded a version of the Sesame Street theme tune used on the TV show.
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With interests ranging from jazz to pop and classical, as well as playing some mean diatonic, Will is the all-round harmonica player.
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Oh, hello, Will Gallison, and welcome to the podcast.
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Oh, hello.
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Thank you very much for having me.
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You are a native New Yorker, or at least you live in New York.
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Yeah, very native.
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A fourth generation, you could say.
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But at the moment, you're in Costa Rica.
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Is that right?
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Yes, I am.
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And any story behind that?
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Well, yeah, there's a long story.
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I'll give you the short version.
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I came down last March to do some research about something.
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And I was just here for about a week or 10 days.
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But during that time is when COVID hit New York very badly.
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I was with my girlfriend and we decided to stay for a few weeks to see if things got better.
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They didn't.
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They got worse.
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So I stayed in an eco community for about five months, a place called Pachamama.
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Very interesting place, and we played a lot of music there.
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Then I've been staying in a town called Nosara for the last six or seven months, enjoying it very much.
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I'm going to go back to New York very soon because things are getting better, and I'll get vaccinated when I get there.
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So music-wise, you said that you're able to get into the music scene there.
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What sort of music are they playing in Costa Rica?
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Well, this was, I guess you could say, a village or an eco community, they call it, with...
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Not so many Costa Ricans.
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It was a lot of Israelis, Germans, Americans, Brits.
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And they were just doing projects.
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They had a broadcast that they did.
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There's a network of related communities.
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We rehearsed and did a show for that, which was fun.
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And I did a couple of shows on my own of my own music.
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I mean, there's no gigging because like everywhere else in the world, restaurants and cafes and venues are limiting capacity.
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But I found people to play with and managed to keep my foot in it.
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So back to your early life, you you started off, I think, playing the piano when you were a youngster.
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That's right, about
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seven years old.
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Not very willingly, I might say, but I did enjoy it.
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Yeah, I think that helped to develop my ear because being very ADD, I wasn't particularly good at reading music and I would fake it by just playing back what I heard, which went into some fairly complicated Mozart stuff, you know, not beginner stuff.
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I was no prodigy.
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I was doing everything by ear.
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Despite my reluctance to practice, I somehow made it through.
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And then when I was about nine years old, I became aware of the Beatles and the monkeys and all that stuff.
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And I thought, why would anybody want to play the piano?
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The guitar is the way to go.
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So then I started playing guitar around that age.
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And of course, and you still play guitar now, as you mentioned.
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I do.
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Yeah, I still study.
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It's a terribly difficult instrument.
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Non-intuitive, you might say, I find, insofar as there's five different ways to play a middle C on it, you know, five different places on the neck.
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So every phrase you play, you have to make a decision as to how you're going to because there's a dozen different ways of doing it.
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I also have trouble visualizing it in the same way that I would visualize a keyboard, for example.
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And when I play harmonica, I do picture a piano keyboard.
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The piano and the harmonica, for me, have the same
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geography.
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Yeah, a lot of people may like compressing, don't they?
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That linear layout of them, very similar.
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Do you play any piano at all now?
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I
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have a nice piano at home.
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I use it for composing.
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I find it gives me more possibilities than guitar when I'm writing songs.
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songs.
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You know, I write small pieces, jazz type things, and I use the piano for that.
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It's always good for me to return to the piano just to, again, to reinforce that map, which is what I see in my mind when I play the harmonica.
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Actually, this year, I've started getting back into saxophone, which I played in my 20s and 30s, and then I dropped it for some reason.
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And just before I went to Costa Rica, thinking I was going to come back in about 10 days, I picked up the soprano, which I had, again, just played for a few years.
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I really enjoy that.
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It's kind of the same register as the harmonica.
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I must say it's a much easier instrument than the harmonica is.
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It really made me appreciate how difficult the harmonica is in terms of phrasing and just agility.
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You can learn something on the, I can at least learn something on the saxophone in a few hours that it would take me a week to learn on the harmonica.
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In saxophone, they like to say you're wiggling your fingers.
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You have to adjust your embouchure, but I think my experience with the harmonica has given me a lot of sensitivity in terms of mouth position, etc.
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So I think the embouchure comes fairly naturally to me.
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But to play something on harmonica, you have to move the horn, you have to breathe in or breathe out, you have to have the button in or out.
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And those are three factors.
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The devil in playing the harmonica is being able to play phrases legato when it's a physical impossibility to play a legato phrase when you're blowing in and out, because the air has to stop at one point in order to change direction.
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So do you make that comparison to the chromatic harmonica specifically?
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specifically rather than the diatonic because of course you do play both
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yeah no i was thinking more of the chromatic harmonica when i play the diatonic harmonica in fact i always think of the harmonica that i'm playing on as being in the key of c which i think is pretty typical so i imagine it as a kind of slightly altered map the same way as i play the chromatic harmonica when i do overblows and bends you have to superimpose that map onto the onto the general map but i but in a certain sense i'm always playing in in the same few keys you know whether it's first position, second position, third position, 12th position, whatever you might do on the diatonic, even if I'm playing a B flat or an A flat harmonica, I imagine I'm in the key of C.
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Otherwise, it would be too complicated because I'd need 12 maps, if you understand me.
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I assume not many musicians, I don't know how Howard Levy pictures when he plays, but probably in the same way.
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He probably imagines that he's playing on a C instrument because it's overwhelming otherwise.
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Yeah, and of course, I've had him on the podcast, of course, he's a piano player too.
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It's an interesting comparison, isn't it, as you say, that that fluidity on the chromatic harmonica.
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I mean, I play both myself.
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The fluidity is a lot easier on the diatonic than the chromatic, but I think the chromatic is your main harmonica of choice, isn't it, instrument-wise?
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It's what I'm known for.
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I'd say I'm a better chromatic player than I am a diatonic player, although I like playing the diatonic a lot.
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But the fluidity is there if you play in certain keys and, you know, if you're trying to play an F sharp on a C harp, it's not going to be fluid at all.
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In my experience, it's not going to be fluid at all.
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You have to really manipulate every note and your intonation's funny and Your phrasing's funny.
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But yeah, if you're playing in second position on a diatonic, you can fly along in certain phrases.
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You started on the
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diatonic, didn't you?
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I think when you were younger.
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Yeah, I did.
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Never got deeply into it.
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I found it fun that for some reason I hadn't, as many people do, I had an intuitive sense of where the notes were and so I could play melodies and that kind of struck me as magical.
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I had no idea what notes I was playing.
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I wasn't thinking of the piano at that time, but just playing folk tunes and blues things.
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And it was when I was 17, I went to Berklee College of Music for guitar.
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I did want to play the saxophone at that time, but I couldn't afford one.
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So I walked into a music store and I saw a chromatic harmonica for the first time in my life.
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It was a 260, in other words, a 10-hole honer.
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And believe it or not, it was about$15 to buy at that time.
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That's how old I am, 1975.
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So I thought, okay, this I can afford.
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And I was really thrilled by the idea that as far as I knew, nobody else in the world was playing this thing.
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And I was learning the jazz theory on guitar, which I was finding very challenging on guitar for the reasons I said before.
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And here was a little wind instrument, which is what I wanted to play, which had a more logical layout to me than the guitar did.
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Guitar is perfectly logical, it's just more complicated.
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It was then that I was starting to play chromatic, and the people at Berklee said, oh, you must love Toots Tillman.
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And I said, Toots who?
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I had no idea.
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Then I bought some albums at that time, there weren't CDs yet, of Toots, and I was blown away.
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And I immediately said, okay, I'm going to do that, because it was just so cool that somebody could be playing with people like Joe Pass and Oscar Peterson and, well, later, Jaco Pastorius.
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Part of the appeal, I must say, was that as far as I knew, there was Toots and there was Stevie, but that was the universe that I knew at that time.
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And of course, there was no internet, so I didn't have access to other people.
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And I just started applying the guitar theory that I was learning on guitar to the harmonica.
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Weirdly enough, within about two months of playing, a piano player asked me if I would play with him at a gig, a weekly gig.
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So I think I got five or 10 bucks an evening, but that was a thrill to me.
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I was playing, I knew a handful of tunes and I've always had a good idea so i was able to translate you know pretty much play melodies you know but of course i had to like everybody else learn learn the different keys and you know that's that's how it started for me
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so you think that's what drew you to the chromatic then is that that love of melodies which are you know sort of come easier on the chromatic than than the diatonic
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oh yeah no i i was into jazz at that time and i i had no idea that there was a creature such as howard levy or anybody else who played jazz on the diatonic yeah chromatic was what i knew at that point i didn't really touch the diatonic for quite a while after that
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you met toot stillmans when you were quite young didn't you in new york
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yeah i did around that time i i forgot exactly how i got the introduction i think it was through a guitarist named wayne wright i told him i was playing harmonica and he said oh you should meet toots i said you know toots sure it was one of the most thrilling days of my life actually i was about 17 maybe 18 i walked with toots as he played sessions along broadway there were about four or five studios between 59th street and 34th street And I think he did five or six sessions that day.
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He even played diatonic on one session.
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And I thought to myself, he's not very good at diatonic.
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But all the other things he aced, he was not a ferocious reader either.
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I think, you know, I came away feeling that he really did this mostly by feel.
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I mean, he was obviously a very intellectual musician and knew his theory, but I think he was more likely to improvise and, you know, play something around the melody than read strictly from the paper.
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I was just so, I mean, that just made me swoon.
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moon, you know, the idea of playing that kind of sessions day after day.
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I don't know if he did that every day or every week, but there were five sessions.
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He was pulling in a lot of money and making great music.
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Anyway, as a young kid, I was really intrigued and really impressed and it strengthened the idea that that's what I wanted to do.
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So he said some good things about you, nice things.
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He said you were the most original and individual of a new generation of harmonica players.
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Was that a little bit later then?
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Did he sort of keep in touch with him?
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Oh, yes.
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Yeah, we stayed in
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touch until pretty much until he died, I went to his funeral in Brussels.
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I must say, I'm delighted about that quote and it stood me in good stead for many years.
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You know, I mean, I'm no longer the new generation of harmonica players.
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I'm becoming the old generation of harmonica players.
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I think there were some other very good harmonica players around, but I think that many of them were trying to imitate the sound of Toots and the phrasing because he was the one guy going.
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I was just as interested in Stevie Wonder as I was in Toots as far as sound and approach.
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It's funny, you know, I'm an American kid growing up in New York City in the 60s and 70s, my musical mind was formulated by listening to the radio.
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And then I had a friend, I should mention, still a great friend of mine at 83 years old, a clarinetist, and he played jazz.
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He used to take me at the age of 11 or 12.
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He was a shop teacher at my high school, but he was a wonderful, he still is, a wonderful jazz clarinetist, completely an ear player.
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But he had studied with Benny Goodman a little bit and got a beautiful sound.
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And he used to take me down to Greenwich Village when I was 11 or 12 to these bars where I probably should shouldn't have been allowed in, he would be playing with these wonderful, you know, veteran jazz musicians who had probably played with Ellington and Basie and all the other greats, you know, and I got a bit of an education that way, mostly just listening and getting into my head.
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So he's always been a big influence.
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His name is Brad Terry.
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Yeah, so jazz was, you know, what I was focused on, but I loved, somehow I found this record called I've It's Red Now, which is the, you probably know it, it's the Stevie Wonder record, which he made when he was 18, which he plays just chromatic harmonica.
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I think he also plays a drums and keys on the album.
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Yeah, that record had a huge effect on me.
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He played the song Alfie.
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The Burt Bacharach song.
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which is one of the most beautiful melodies, I think, in pop music.
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He just played it so beautifully, so soulfully.
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And to me, the harmonica sounded like a cross between a violin and a soprano sax when he played that.
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I recommend it totally to anybody playing harmonica.
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It's his name, Stevie Wonder, spelled backwards.
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So Ivitz is Stevie and Red Now is Wonder.
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But it's definitely worth listening to, to see how gorgeous the harmonica can sound in the right hands.
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And then getting on to your own recording career.
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So was it your first solo album overjoyed which is a stevie wonder song yeah so obviously showing your influence of stevie wonder there with that early album from you i adore stevie
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wonder maybe 20 years later i think his bass player nathan east made a an album with overjoyed and stevie played harmonica on it it's a wonderful song for harmonica in the original key e flat and it was a good idea for me to play it i just loved the song so That record was very slickly produced.
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I realize now what great musicians I had on that album.
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Legendary studio musicians, but also performing musicians from that era.
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A guy from Japan had seen me play and he liked my playing.
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So it was on Verve, but through Polydor in Japan.
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And that song, Overjoyed, you won some Apollo nights, didn't you?
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Some, I think, 2012 with that song.
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Yeah,
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that was much way, way after.
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In fact, I didn't play any of those songs for a long time.
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When I finished that record I really didn't like it I was I was very upset with the arrangements I thought they were corny and old-fashioned and and I didn't listen to it for about two or three years and I made another album which I also didn't like this is my character but because I'm a perfectionist in a way but it's interesting you know sometimes you look back at the work you did many years ago and you say hey that wasn't so bad I you know I was on to something at that time so I listen to that record now and I appreciate my playing but I also really appreciate the other musicians and the arrangements I don't think that record may a huge splash.
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Maybe it sold 20,000 copies, but occasionally somebody writes me a letter and says, you know, I used to have that album and I loved it so much.
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And before that, was it before that you recorded the Baghdad Cafe, which is a film soundtrack?
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Yeah, that was a couple of years before that.
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I was in my 20s.
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I mean, it was one of my first...
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recording sessions doing a movie, although I may have done the Untouchables before that.
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But it was a very humble experience.
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Bob Telson is the composer.
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It was in his home studio, which was a respectable studio.
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And he played the whole thing on, I think it was called an M1 Korg, which was sort of the go-to synthesizer at the time.
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And he played me the track and he said, this is for this little movie by a German director and it's really nothing.
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I think he was, to some degree, agree trying to lower my expectations on how much I was going to be paid.
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Had I not been bought out, if I had gotten royalties from that, I would be very rich at the moment, or I would be fairly wealthy, because that song became, as you probably know, a number one hit all around the world, except in the United States, really, called Calling You.
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Calling You
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But it stood me in very good stead.
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You know, I was paid 150 bucks or whatever it was for the session.
00:17:11.413 --> 00:17:18.099
But I did recognize that it was an exceptional song, even though it was all done on one synthesizer with a singer.
00:17:18.259 --> 00:17:21.082
And then it was covered by Barbra Streisand.
00:17:21.143 --> 00:17:22.182
I played on her album.
00:17:22.423 --> 00:17:23.825
That was a thrilling experience.
00:17:23.865 --> 00:17:30.109
You know, I was in this enormous soundstage where they had actually done the music for the film The Wizard of Oz.
00:17:30.330 --> 00:17:30.931
Loved that movie.
00:17:31.270 --> 00:17:38.481
So there was this, you know, old-fashioned, huge soundstage in Hollywood And there was a 90-piece orchestra.
00:17:38.903 --> 00:17:46.126
So the very opposite of it being played on one mediocre synthesizer, this was played by a 90-piece orchestra with a full orchestra.
00:17:46.347 --> 00:17:47.150
And she was singing.
00:18:02.273 --> 00:18:06.018
I made another record for Verve Polydor in around 1993 or 1994.
00:18:07.900 --> 00:18:09.481
Again, a lot of great musicians on it.
00:18:10.022 --> 00:18:11.324
It was called Calling You.
00:18:11.684 --> 00:18:14.567
And there was a few good, really interesting tracks on that.
00:18:14.929 --> 00:18:19.314
Yeah, that was a more adventurous record than Overjoyed, which is more of a smooth jazz record.
00:18:19.574 --> 00:18:23.238
There's a few tunes that I'm quite proud of from that second record.
00:18:23.778 --> 00:18:24.619
Jocko's tune.
00:18:33.122 --> 00:18:34.173
Bye.
00:18:37.089 --> 00:18:41.053
And I did one of my own songs called New Samba.
00:18:41.374 --> 00:18:42.555
Yeah, there were nice arrangements.
00:18:42.914 --> 00:18:52.403
I did a version of Stevie Wonder's Lately, but I had a number of compositions on that record where on the Overjoyed record, I only had one of my compositions, which is called As Close As We Can Get.
00:18:52.784 --> 00:18:56.346
Yeah, then I made other records over the years in less formal circumstances.
00:18:56.626 --> 00:19:03.932
I was playing with a German jazz group, wonderful group, which does all kinds of international music, world music.
00:19:04.394 --> 00:19:09.346
The core of the group was a sax player, bass, accordion and guitar, Midnight Sun.
00:19:26.529 --> 00:19:29.071
And that was done very informally in Germany.
00:19:29.112 --> 00:19:32.434
And then I did a record called Love Letters with an Australian.
00:19:32.494 --> 00:19:37.799
I had four or five trips to Australia where I sort of began to have a little bit of a name.
00:19:37.880 --> 00:19:41.103
And I was playing mostly with this singer who played jazz piano.
00:19:41.182 --> 00:19:43.625
And we would tour around Australia and play.
00:19:43.644 --> 00:19:44.405
That was a lot of fun.
00:19:44.746 --> 00:19:47.587
We made a record of mostly Cole Porter songs called Love Letters.
00:19:48.128 --> 00:19:53.573
And then probably on to your, maybe your most well-known album with Madeline Proulx, Got You In My Mind.
00:19:53.913 --> 00:19:53.993
As